Hammerhead sharks exhibit an aggressive hunting behaviour, primarily preying on smaller fish, octopuses, squid, and crustaceans. While they typically do not actively target humans as prey, they display strong defensive instincts and will engage in attacks if provoked.
Distinguished by their wide-set eyes, hammerheads possess an extended visual range compared to many other shark species. They employ a unique adaptation by dispersing their specialized sensory organs across their broad, mallet-shaped head, allowing them to conduct thorough oceanic scans for potential food sources.
Annually, substantial congregations of hammerhead sharks assemble in specific locations along the coasts of various regions worldwide. Scientists are currently investigating the reasons behind these gatherings, with one hypothesis suggesting that these occurrences coincide with seamounts, underwater mountains, where hammerhead sharks congregate for feeding, breeding, and social interaction.
These sharks have been observed forming schools containing nearly 100 members during daylight hours. This schooling behaviour is believed to enhance their foraging efficiency, as further supported by their seasonal migration to cooler waters during the summer months. In contrast, during the winter, they migrate back towards the equator in pursuit of warmer oceanic environments.
